What is the basis of the LED lighting?
If you wish to grasp the principle of LED light-emitting, you must first understand LED as well as the structure of LED lights.
Only then can you know the way LEDs emit light. Let’s look at the following!
1.What is LED?
LED is an abbreviationof English light emitting diode. This means dime emitting light in Chinese. It is made up of compounds that contain gallium (Ga) as well as nitrogen, phosphorus and arsenic.
LED Lights’ Structure
The core part of the light-emitting diode a wafer composed of p type semiconductor and n type semiconductor. There is a layer of transition between the p type semiconductor and the n type semiconductor, known as a p-n junction. It is composed of five components, as shown on the picture below: bracket, silver adhesive chip, gold wire, and epoxy resin.
3.LED principle of light
The holes and electrons in the semiconductors of the P-type as well as N-type violently collide within the light emitting layer creating photons. The photons emit energy in the form of photons.
Principle of LED color light
To understand the underlying principle of the LED’s vibrant light-emitting it is first to familiar with three primary colors that are red (R) (R), Green (G) and Blue (B).
These three colors can be combined to produce other colors. For instance, if both green and red light are lit simultaneously the green and red light sources are combined to create yellow.
If two LEDs are lit it can create blue, yellow and purple.
A circuit that emits seven different colors can be created by a circuit which can light up red, green and blue LEDs in pairs and three main LEDs at the same time.
The hues produced by this phenomenon are dependent on the proportions by which they are superimposed.
What is the difference between expensive LED lights and low-end LED lights?
The LED light can be classified into two broad categories.
One is the light source type that includes spotlights, downlights or street lights, etc. They are typically used for lighting purposes.
The other kind is called lanterns, which mainly include chandeliers, lamps with special shapes such as floor lamps, etc., which serve as lighting and decoration.
The lamps are either decorative or finished. The difference between lamps that are expensive and cheap is easy to understand.
For instance, they are all chandeliers, one of them is K9 crystal chandelier, and the other is ordinary as well as the glass, rubber, etc.
The materials are different, and the prices are different. The materials are the same, therefore I won’t get into the details.
The poster might not want to make this question. Today we will discuss the luminous source that is the main component and power supply components of LED lights.
Let’s talk about lamp beads first.
If you’d like to explain it in detail, LED is a solid-statesemiconductor chip that converts electrical energy to light energy.
The chip is made up of two parts One with a P-type and the second with an N-type. The electrons that are from the N-type will be transferred to the P type as current is passed through the wafer.
The LED light principle is that when the N-type and P-type electrons in semiconductors meet the energy is released in the form of photons.
The wavelength of light that is the hue of light, is determined by the substance that forms the P-N junction.
The LED light source is composed of a crystal/chip that emits LED lights.
After the chip has been manufactured by epitaxy, grinding, evaporation as well as other manufacturing processes, the amount of P-N electrons in the chip, scratches on the P-N electrode, etc.
can result in a variance in the intensity of the conversion rate of the chip from electricity to light. Certain types of chips have higher conversion rate and are brighter, while others are less efficient in their conversion rate, which is referred to as bare brightness.
Each chip also has a degree of attenuation, which is the effectiveness with the electrical energy that can be transformed into light over a period of time.
The more reliable it is the more stable it is, the better. The chips’ effective life could theoretically be as long as 100,000 hours.
Packaging is designed to shield LED chips while transmitting maximum light and dissipating heat energy resulting from light emission.
Currently, there are pin-type positive and flip-chip processes COB-type central packaging, power-type packaging, etc.
The final price of LEDs will differ based on the package.
Secondly, the same packaging structure can be used with different control of heat dissipation as well as stability, and the cost is also different.
Let’s discuss power supply.
LED power supply (also known as driving power supply) serves only one purpose which is to provide LED lamp beads that have constant voltage and constant current.
If the current operating on the LED exceeds its rate or voltage is unstable, the light will rapidly age and suffer damage.
LEDs are energy efficient products that have very low power consumption.
The typical voltage of a light bulb is only several Volts. A few that reach hundreds of volts are special lamps.
The current that is used is relatively low, generally calculated in milliamps. The wiring is connected directly to the mains power of 220V.
The voltage is then stabilized and rectified, before it is transmitted to the LED light bulb.
It is divided into non-isolate and isolate. After reducing the voltage, the non-isolated power supply connects directly to the light source.
Isolated power supply is when the both output and input are isolated via an appropriate transformer.
There is a process that involves electric conversion to magnetic, followed by electrical conversion. It’s safer than a isolated supply.
The power supply is high and the price is more expensive.
Also, make sure that the power sources for the LED drive provide functional warranties, for example, short circuit protection as well as surge protection and power-off protection. is also a core factor that affects the final price of the lamp.